What role do ligaments play in TMJ function?

Ligaments are critical components in the anatomical structure of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), primarily serving the function of stabilization. They connect the bones of the joint and provide support during the complex movements of jaw functions, such as opening, closing, and moving side to side. By maintaining the alignment and integrity of the joint, ligaments help ensure that the TMJ operates smoothly and efficiently, reducing the risk of dislocation or injury.

In contrast, blood supply is typically provided by arteries and not by ligaments, which are primarily passive structures. While cushioning in the TMJ is achieved through the articular disc and the surrounding synovial fluid, ligaments do not play a direct role in this mechanism. Additionally, ligaments do not enhance the range of motion; instead, they mainly support the stability required for movement to occur within a normal range. Thus, the role of ligaments in the TMJ is best characterized by their function in stabilizing the joint.